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The car thermostat is a cooling system appliance of an internal combustion engine that has the function of closing the coolant passage from the engine block to the radiator while the engine is cold after starting so that it reaches as long as possible quickly to the optimum operating temperature, and to open it to allow the liquid to pass through the radiator after the engine has reached the optimum operating temperature.
In this video we can see how a car thermostat works. A simple but ingenious system.